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哈特与法律实证主义 | |||||
收集整理:佚名 来源:本站整理 时间:2009-02-04 13:11:45 点击数:[] ![]() |
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tive Positivism” (1982) 11 Journal of Legal Studies 139, Reprinted in Coleman, Markets, Morals and the Law, pp.3-27. [52] See Jules Coleman, “Authority and Reason” in The Autonomy of Law (R. George ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1996), pp. 287-319. [53] Coleman, “Negative and Positive Positivism” in Markets, Morals and the Law, p. 27.哈特在后来似乎采纳或者肯定了一个近似科勒曼的立场:参见哈特的《附录》(see Hart, “Postscript”, The Concept of Law, pp. 250-254.) [54] See Raz, The Authority of Law, pp. 37-52. [55] See Raz, Ethics in the Public Domain, pp. 190-192. [56] See Raz, Ethics in the Public Domain, pp. 194-221. [57] Joseph Raz, “Facing Up” (1989) 62 Southern California Law Review 1153 at 1158. [58] Joseph Raz, Practical Reason and Norms (2nd ed., Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1990 ), p. 193. “它们所意欲带来的利益”一语涉及这样一个论据:假如某人遵循某一渊源发出的指令,比他自己深思熟虑并作出决定,更有可能把事情做好,那么他会把那个渊源当作是有权威的。同前引。 [59] Raz, Practical Reason and Norms, p. 53. [60] Raz, Practical Reason and Norms, pp. 49-84. [61] Roger Shiner, Norm and Nature (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1992)。 [62] Frederick Schauer, “Critical Notice” [reviewing R. Shiner, Norm and Nature (1992)], (1994) 24 Canadian Journal of Philosophy 495. [63] Frederick Schauer, “Critical Notice” [reviewing R. Shiner, Norm and Nature (1992)], (1994) 24 Canadian Journal of Philosophy, pp. 500-501. [64] Frederick Schauer, “Critical Notice” [reviewing R. Shiner, Norm and Nature (1992)], (1994) 24 Canadian Journal of Philosophy, pp. 498-501. [65] See Holmes, “The Path of Law”, (1897) 10 Harvard Law Review, pp. 460-461. [66] 精明算计的考虑是否能够作为“内在观点”的一个充分基础,在这个问题上,哈特[的理论]并不十分明确。See Hart, The Concept of Law, pp. 198.(在内在观点里面,包括了那些出于“对长远利益的算计”而接受法律的人。) [67] See Finnis, Natural Law and Natural Rights, pp. 6-18.人们也可以论辩说,那些(根据非算计的理由而)接受法律的人,构成了居民中的多数(或者至少是相当数量而意义重大的少数)。然而,这是一个经验性的主张,对于支持或者反对意见来讲,都缺乏证据。See Schauer, “Critical Notice” [reviewing R. Shiner, Norm and Nature (1992)], (1994) 24 Canadian Journal of Philosophy, p. 502. [68] “创设了明显合乎道德的义务者才是法律”,该命题的原文是“[the proposition that law creates prima facie moral obligations”,直译似乎是“法律创设了明显道德的义务” .但应该注意到这里的时态,其表述是“law creates”,这个命题的确切意思就成了:称为法律的事物,它总是创设了明显是合乎道德的义务。反过来,“创设道德义务”构成了需要界定的对象——法律——的本质特征,因而“创设道德义务”成了法律的概念内涵。这正是自然法命题,所以译者斟酌改变了句型,乃不致使人不解,或者误解。——中译者注 [69] Schauer, “Critical Notice” [reviewing R. Shiner, Norm and Nature (1992)], (1994) 24 Canadian Journal of Philosophy, pp. 503. 布莱恩·贝克斯[著] 周林刚[译] Tags: |
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