Mimickingreallife,crimesandcriminalscomeinallvarietiesontheInternet,13rangingfromthecatastrophictothemerelyannoying.14So,definedbroadly,thetermcybercrimecouldreasonablyincludeawidevarietyofcriminaloffencses,activities,orissues.Thepotentialscopeisevenlargerwhenusingthefrequentcompanionorsubstitutetermcomputer-relatedcrime.Asthephraseisevolvingintoatermofart,thenarrowersetofmeaningshasbecomemoreprevalentintheliteratureinthewesternworld.InChina,thetermisthesamefromthebeginning,pronouncedasJisuanjiFanzui,i.e.,computercrime.Butthereisneveranofficialtermforit.Thecrimesprovidedinthecriminallawaremorecomplicated.
　　
　　Intheacademiccircles,avarietyofdefinitionshavebeenintroducedfromtheWesternandputforwardbythemselvessinceearly1980s,includingeitherthedefinitionsinthebroadsenseorinthenarrowsense.MostofthemarederivedfromtheWesternharbingers,alongwiththetranslationintoChineseandpublicationinChinaofbooksandarticles.Forexample,thosedefinitionsofaWesternstylebytheDepartmentofJusticeofUSAin1979,statingthatacybercrimeisanyillegalactforwhichknowledgeofcomputertechnologiesisessentialforitsperpetration,investigation,orprosecution.Thisdefinitionwastoobroadandhassincebeenfurtherrefinedbynewormodifiedstateandfederalcriminalstatutes.AnotherwidelyciteddefinitionisbyOECD.Bothofthemwerebroughtintothedefinitioninthebroadsensewhendiscussed.Asforthedefinitioninthenarrowsense,oneofthemosttypicalexamplesistakenfromtheActofdata,Sweden.
　　
　　Thelaterstudysawsomerationalthinkingabouttheissue,andsomedefinitionscameintobeingwhichpossesstheChinesestyle.Forexample,adefinitionin1993readas:Cybercrimeisthecrimecommittedinwhichthecomputersystemisutilisedasatooloraimedasatarget.15
　　
　　ThedefinitionsintroducedtoChinaandraisedbyChinesescholarshaveprofoundacademicsignificanceontheonehand;theyareregardedaswanting,however,inrelationshipwiththestagnancyofthetechnologicaldevelopmentandthecharacteristicsofcyberspaceintheChinesecontext,ontheotherhand.ThatisbecausethatdefinitionsinCriminalLawofP.R.China,1997arewidelyexplainedandacceptedastheonlyscientificones.ThetraditionofexplanatoryjurisprudencecontrolsanddecidestheideasofmostoftheChinesejurists.
　　
　　Anyway,itsoundsoutdatednowtotalkaboutsomeextradefinitionsofcomputercrimeinChinaaftertheCriminalLaw,whichprovidesthecomputercrimeinarticles285,286and287intheSectionICrimesofDisruptingPublicOrder,ChapterVICrimesofDisruptingtheOrderofSocialAdministration.
　　
　　Computercrimeisthatcrimeinwhichcomputerinformationsystemsarethetargetofcrime.Acomprehensivedefinitioncanbereachedasactsofthatwhoviolatesstateregulationsandintrudesintocomputersystemswithinformationconcerningstateaffairs,constructionofdefensefacilities,andsophisticatedscienceandtechnology;orviolatesstatesregulationsanddeletes,alters,adds,andinterferesincomputerinformationsystems,causingabnormaloperationsofthesystemsandgraveconsequences;orviolatesstateregulationsanddeletes,alters,oraddsthedataorapplicationprogramsinstalledinorprocessedandtransmittedbythecomputersystems,andcausesgraveconsequences;ordeliberatelycreatesandpropagatescomputervirusandotherprogramswhichsabotagethenormaloperationofthecomputersystemandcausegraveconsequences.
　　
　　AccordingtotheCriminalLaw,crimeinwhichcomputerisusedasatool,isnolongerregardedasacomputercrime.Whoeverusesacomputerforfinancialfraud,theft,corruption,misappropriationofpublicfunds,stealingstatesecrets,orothercrimesisnotguiltyofcomputercrimebutothercrimes.
　　
　　Unfortunately,thatisnottruewhenwethinkthatthedefinitionisnotofonlynominalmeaning.Inactualfact,cybercrimesemergeinChinacoverquitewidearangeandalargescale.IndiscussingtheproblemofcybercrimeinChina,weshouldusetheterminthesociologicalorcriminologicalsensebutnotlimitedtothenarrowlycriminalsense.InChina,accordingtothelawsandregulations,thereare15aspectsthatwerecriminalised:16
　　
　　1.Violatingrelevantstatelawsandinvadingcomputerinformationsystemscontaininginformationaboutstateaffairs,statedefenseandthemostadvancedscienceandtechnologyofthestate;
　　2.Producingandspreadingcomputervirusesandestablishingdevastatingprogramstoattackcomputersystemsorcommunicationsnetworks,thuscausingdamagetosuchsystemsornetworks;
　　3.Violatingrelevantstatelaws,arbitrarilystoppingtheoperationofcomputernetworksorcommunicationsservices,therebyinterruptingnormaloperationsofsuchnetworksorservices;
　　4.Spreadingrumours,slanderorotherinformationviatheInternetforthepurposeofoverthrowingthestategovernment,overthrowingthesocialistsystem,orbreakingupthecountryanddestroyingthecountry’sunity;
　　5.Stealingorleakingstate-classifiedinformationormilitarysecretsviatheInternet;
　　6.Ignitingracial,ethnichatredanddiscrimination,anddestroyingracialandethnicunityviatheInternet;
　　7.OrganisingcultsorcontactingcultmembersviatheInternettodestroytheimplementationofstatelawsandadministrativeregulations;
　　8.EngaginginswindlesandburglaryviatheInternet;
　　9.SellingdefectiveproductsormakingfalseclaimsoncommoditiesandservicesviatheInternet;
　　10.ConcoctingandspreadingfalseinformationviatheInternettoinfluencesecuritiestradingandfuturestrading;
　　11.EstablishingpornographicWebsites,Webpages,orprovidinglinkstopornographicsitesontheInternettospreadsuchinformation,includingthosefrombooksandmagazines,motionpictures,videoandaudioproducts,andstillimages;
　　12.InsultingotherpeopleorfabricatingstoriestoslanderothersviatheInternet;
　　13.Illegallyintercepting,changing,ordeletingotherpeople’se-mailorotherdatainformation,thusinfringinguponotherpeople’sfreedomofcommunication;
　　14.Infringinguponotherpeople’srightstointellectualpropertyviatheInternet;
　　15.Damagingotherpeople’sbusinessreputationandproductreputationviatheInternet.
　　
　　Therearestillmoreacademicallyinducedcategories.Practicalcrimesthatarerelatedtocomputerareperhapsfoundeverywhereinthecriminallaw,fromcrimesagainstthenationalsecuritytocrimesagainsteconomy,fromcrimesagainstpersontocrimesagainstproperty,etc.CybercrimesmaybeincludedineverychapteroftheCriminalLawofP.R.C.,accordingtotheirnature.ThisisdeterminedbythemethodologyoftheCh

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