ident， that all men are created equal， that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights， that among these are Life， Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.-That to secure these rights， Governments are instituted among Men， deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed.”

　　8 原文为：“Done in convention by the unanimous consent of the states present the seventeenth day of September in the year of our Lord one thousand seven hundred and eighty seven and of the independence of the United States of America the twelfth.”

　　9 George Anastaplo， The Constitution of 1787： A Commentary， p.221， Baltimore： The John Hopkins University Press， 199.

　　10 汉密尔顿、杰伊、麦迪逊，《联邦党人文集》，页3，程逢如、在汉、舒逊译，北京：商务印书馆，1995。

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