upffer细胞表面有HLA-DR和LFA-1,故推测正常HSEC表达ICAM-1和CD4可能与枯否细胞和淋巴细胞粘附于血窦壁上有关。 CD44:CD44是一种高度异质性的单链跨膜糖蛋白,广泛表达于各种血细胞、上皮细胞及多种瘤细胞的表面。不同细胞表达CD44的水平和类型差异很大,根据细胞表达CD44的分子量差异可将其分为3类:(1)80-90KD类,广泛分布于各种血细胞和多种间质细胞,通常称为标准型。此类CD44与透明质酸有较高的亲和力,是透明质酸的主要受体。(2)110-160KD类,主要表达于上皮细胞,一般不与透明质酸结合。(3)180-215KD类,表达量较少。CD44的配体是细胞外基质。HSEC上的透明质酸受体与CD44明显不同的是前者是由分子量为175KD和166KD两个多肽共同组成的[36]。正常HSEC表达CD44较弱,肝硬化时,也无明显变化。 正常HSEC不表达CD62(PADGEM),CD31(PECAM)及CD34,这三种分子也是连续型毛细血管内皮细胞的特征性标志。但在肝炎症时,HSEC则超量表达这三种分子,可能与炎症时HSEC的毛细血管化的变化有关。研究证实。血管内皮细胞超量表达PECAM-1是与血管形成有关的[37]。 HSEC表达粘附分子与肿瘤转移相关。肿瘤细胞经血行转移是个复杂过程,受多种复合因素调节。首先是癌细胞突破细胞外基质及血管壁进入血液,循环中癌细胞与血管内皮细胞(主要是毛细血管)的接触反应是发生转移的关键一步[38]肝脏是肿瘤细胞经血液转移的好发部位,这一方面由于胆具有独特的血循环特点,同时也与HSEC表达粘附分子有关。体外研表明[39],高转移性肝癌细胞转移珠H59与原代培养HSEC粘附性较低,若无用TNFa处理HSEC,H59与HSEC的粘附性明显增高,而此过程可被MAb9a6(中性E-选择素单克隆抗体)特异地阻止。另外两种高转移性的人结肠癌株也有类似现象,而低转移性细胞株则无此现象。由此推测,正常HSEC不表达E-选择素,但在癌症时产生的细胞因子的刺激下,HSEC表达E-选择素,而高转移癌细胞表面有相应的配体,两者结合可介导高转移癌至肝实质内。 肝腺泡各带内的HSEC如同肝的其他非实质细胞一样,不仅有形态结构的差异,而且还有表型的差异[40]。Ⅱ带和Ⅲ带HSEC不表达IF-10抗原(是连续型毛细血管内皮细胞的标志),但表达特异标志CD14和CD16;Ⅰ带内的HSEC则表达IF-10抗原,而缺乏CD14和CD16;而CD4、CDw32、CD13以及其他粘附分子的表达,各带HSEC无明显差异。肝腺泡各带HSEC的IF-10的表达不同,可能与腺泡各带微环境不同而影响HSEC的分化有关。肝腺泡Ⅰ带HSEC缺乏CD14和CD16,肝血流中的IgG与Ⅰ带HSEC的亲合力低于Ⅱ带和Ⅲ带,故Ⅰ带HSEC的清除功能也逊于Ⅱ带Ⅲ带。 参考文献 成令忠主编,组织学,二版,北京,人民卫生出版社,1993,1171 吴萍,成令忠,顾云娣等。大鼠肝血窦内皮细胞分离及其免疫细胞化学研究,解剖学杂志,1996,19(6):513 Wuping,Cheng Lingzhong,Isolation and immunocy tochemistry study of hepatic sinusoidal endothelial cells of rat.Advances of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry,Chongqing Publishing House,1996,176 Tashirod Swphel GC,Greatorexd,et al.The RGD containing site of the mouse laminia:a chain is active for cell attachment spreading migration and neutrite outgrowth.J Cell Physiol,1991,146:451 Rogers GWT,Dobbs BR,Fraser R,Decreased hepatic uptake of cholesterol and retinol in the dimenthyl nitrosamine rat model of liver cirrosisk.Liver,1992,12:326 Mori T,Okanouc T,Sawa y,et al.Defenestration of the sinusoidal endothelial 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