China, which can provide information and can also be used as English materials. This has motivated the educational role of the English-language media, particularly the among younger generation. From the case study of 21st Century, majority of its readership (above 80 percent) are young and their main purpose is to improve their English though only about half of them think they have achieved their purposes. As a result, English-learning oriented media like 21st Century are getting popular in recent years as about 90 percent of readers like them (see Case Study of 21st Century) The increasing number of domestic readers is also noticeable among the mainstream English-language media as well. Take China Daily as an example, about 83% of its circulation (250, 000 out of 300,000) are among Chinese readers. In fact, the domestic readers are becoming so important that China Daily list separate readership percentage in its self-promoting brochure (Table 13). Table 13 Ratios of Overseas & Domestic Readers of China Daily Overseas Readers Domestic Readers  Industry&Finance 54%Domestic Firms25%Government16%Foreign-funded Firms21%Trade agencies13%Government Officials19%Media4%Diplomats, Foreigners 18%Others 13%Foreign Business Offices7%  Education5%  Others 5%(source: China Daily 2000 Bulletin) Besides, the main audience of CCTV-4 is also Chinese viewers or foreign viewers in China (Sheng Yilai, supervisor of CCTV-4, personal communication, 2000). Also it is true with China Radio International that has started an English service, targeting Chinese listeners in Beijing. As China merges more with the world, it would be reasonable to predict that the English media in China cater not only to foreign but to domestic audience. 4. Written Style of China English Although China has no English-speaking community, the expansion of English-language media in China justifies the necessity for the use of English even in a Chinese society. Through a content analysis of China Daily reports from 1981 to 1999 in terms of its language treatment (headline, story and choice of wording) and news selection, the writers find a kind of written style of China English has been gradually formed, which is basically a mixture characterized by British English spelling, American straight-forward and easy-to-read style and Chinese contents. The list of China English terms is so distinctive that no other newspapers could be found with such a striking China flavor. Besides, China Daily doesn’t endorse a flowery use of English. In this sense, with the Chinese content, the style of China Daily is more like translation of Chinese news with English news structures. Notes: [1] The number of CRI listeners is calculated by multiplying 400 with 600,000 listener’s letters, a formula obtained from Zhang Zhenhua, the former director of CRI. [2] The two-week survey is considered long enough for effective survey by ZHANG Maiwen, the chief of the 21st Century website) [3] The 200 minimum level is set by Mr. Zhang Maiwen for a valid survey, personal communication on June 18, 2001) REFERENCES China Apec website: http://www.apec-china.org.com/english. CCTV website: http://www.cctv.com.com/english/profile/procctv4.html. Chan, Y. Y. (2000) The English-language media in Hong Kong. World Englishes, 19 (3), 323-334. China Net website: http://www.china.org.com English Weekly website: http://www.ew.com.com/mag1/nl/index.htm Huang, H. (2001). The Development History of the Media Industry in China. Shanghai: Fudan University Publishing House, 23. Jiang, W. D. email communication: ( wandi@china.org.com) on June 12, 2001 Ju S.Y. On the function and past experience of China’s international communication, in News Theory Research, edited by Xinhua News Research Institute, 11. Li, X. (1997). Introduction of China Features. In Creative Reports of China Daily. Beijing: China Daily. China Medical Journal website: http: www.cmj.org/ywjj.htm Guo, C. R. (2000) Xinhua News Agency, China Media in 50 years, Beijing: Beijing Social Sciences Publishing House, 54) Guo, K. (1999) Liberalization and Conservatism as reflected in media development in China since 1978, Journal of Development Communication, Malaysia, 58. Lin, S. J. Case Study of Beijing Review, unpublished manuscript. Nanfang Net website: http://gzmp.dayoo.com/ads/index.htm Shenzhen Daily website: szdaily@szszd.com.com Sina website: http://edu.sina.com.com/i26457.shtml Statistics on China’s Newspapers and Journals. (2000) China Journalism Yearbook. Beijing: China Journalism Yearbook Publishing House, 567. 21st Century report, China boosts English, March 29, 2001, from the Strait Times. Yang, R. (1993) On the Strategic Position of English TV Service in China’s International Communication, unpublished manuscript. Zhang, X. (2001) Introduction of China Radio International, CRI Pamphlet, edited by Listener’s Liaison Department Zhang, Z. H. (2001) About CRI (in Chinese). CRI Website [on-line], available: (http://www.cri.com.com/english) Zhao, Y. M. (2000) Outlook of China’s Radio & TV Stations. China Radio & TV Yearbook. Beijing: China Radio & TV Yearbook Publishing House, 505-506. Zhao, Y. (1995) English in China. World Englishes, 377-383. Zhu, Q. (1992). English Service launched on National Day, Jiefang Daily,2, September 19, 1992.

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