rConcreteCalculation 15.2.3SubstituteTransactionmustbeReasonableSubstitute 15.3DamagesuponCurrentPrice 15.3.1Introduction 15.3.2PresupposedSituationsCallingforAbstractCalculation 15.3.3Determinationof“CurrentPrice” 15.3.3.1Ingeneral 15.3.3.2Referencepoint 15.3.3.3Relevantplace 15.4FurtherDamages Chapter16AgreedPaymentforNon-performance Chapter17RecoveryofAttorneys’Fees 17.1GeneralConsiderations 17.1.1Introduction 17.1.2Recoverabilityunder“Loser-pays”Principle 17.1.3Excludedby“AmericanRule” 17.2CISGDecisionsConcerningAttorneys’Fees 17.3ProblematicRecoveryunderArt.74CISG Chapter18PaymentofInterest 18.1Introduction 18.2GeneralEntitlementtoInterest 18.3AdditionalDamages 18.4InterestonDamages 18.5AccrualofInterest 18.6RateofInterest PARTVEXCUSES Chapter19ChangeofCircumstances 19.1Introduction 19.2UnderlyingDoctrine:rebussicstantibus 19.3DifferentApproachestoChangedCircumstances 19.3.1HistoricalReview 19.3.2NationalDoctrines 19.3.3InternationalPerspective 19.3.3.1Publicinternationallaw 19.3.3.2Internationalcommercialpractice 19.3.4Conclusion 19.4DefinitionsofForceMajeureandHardship 19.4.1ForceMajeure 19.4.2Hardship 19.4.3Comparison 19.5GeneralApproachesintheStudiedInstruments 19.5.1ApproachundertheCISG 19.5.2ApproachundertheUNIDROITPrinciples 19.5.3ApproachunderthePECL 19.5.4ConcludingRemarks Chapter20ForceMajeure 20.1Introduction 20.2RelevantTexts 20.2.1Exemptions:CISGArt.79 20.2.2ForceMajeure:UPICCArt.7.1.7 20.2.3ExcuseDuetoanImpediment:PECLArt.8:108 20.2.4Comparison 20.3GeneralRule 20.3.1ScopeofExcusableNon-performance 20.3.2ExistenceofQualifyingImpediment 20.3.2.1Introductionofanewword 20.3.2.2Interpretationoftheword 20.3.2.3Problematicsituations 20.3.3ConditionsforExemptingImpediment 20.3.3.1Beyondcontrol 20.3.3.2Unforeseeable 20.3.3.3Unavoidableorinsurmountable 20.3.3.4Causation 20.4ResponsibilityforThirdParties 20.5TemporaryImpediment 20.6DutytoNotify 20.7Effects 20.7.1InGeneral 20.7.2EffectonRighttoDamages 20.7.3EffectonRighttoPerformance 20.7.4EffectonRighttoTermination Chapter21Hardship 21.1GapintheCISG? 21.2InterplayBetweenCISGExcuseandUPICC/PECLHardship 21.2.1Hardship:UPICCArts.6.2.1through6.2.3 21.2.2ChangeofCircumstances:PECLArt.6:111 21.2.3Gap-fillingApplicationofHardshipProvisions? 21.3ConditionsforInvokingHardship 21.3.1InGeneral 21.3.2CrucialPoint:FundamentalAlterationofEquilibrium 21.3.3AdditionalRequirementsforHardshiptoArise 21.3.3.1Timefactor:occurrenceafterconclusion 21.3.3.2Unforeseeability 21.3.3.3Risknotassumed 21.4EffectsofHardship 21.4.1InGeneral 21.4.2TriggeringofRenegotiation 21.4.2.1Requestforrenegotiation 21.4.2.2Renegotiationingoodfaith 21.4.3CourtMeasuresincaseofHardship 21.4.4ConcludingRemarks Chapter22ForceMajeure&HardshipClauses 22.1GeneralConsiderations 22.2ForceMajeureClause 22.2.1Introduction 22.2.2DraftingConsiderations 22.3HardshipClause 22.3.1Introduction 22.3.2DraftingConsiderations 22.4OverlappingoftheClauses 22.5UseofStandardForms:ICcomo.421(partial)
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