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TheSimilarAndDifferentRegulations
　　OnIndustrialDesigns
　　BetweenChinaAndCanada
　　HeZijing
　　
　　Abstract:
　　WithChinaenteringWTO,moreandmoreChineseindustrialdesignerswanttoapplyinternationallytoregistertheirdesignsoutsideChina.ThispapershowsyouthedetailedcomparisonaboutregulationsconcerningindustrialdesignsbetweenChinaandCanada,givessomesuggestionsabouttheprocesstoregisterinternationallytoprotectChineseapplier.Somehintsimposedonthedifferencebetweenthetwocountrieswillhelptoimproveourpatentlaw.
　　KEYWORDS:
　　Industrialdesign,China,Canada
　　1.    Generalintroductiononindustrialdesigns
　　1.1    Whatisanindustrialdesign?
　　1.1.1    OfWIPO
　　Anindustrialdesignistheornamentalofaestheticaspectofanarticle.Thedesignmayconsistofthree-dimensionalfeatures,suchastheshapeorsurfaceofanarticle,oroftwo-dimensionalfeatures,suchaspatterns,linesorcolor.Industrialdesignsareappliedtoawidevarietyofproductsofindustryandhandicraft.Tobeprotectedundermostnationallaws,anindustrialdesignmustappealtotheeye.Thismeansthatanindustrialdesignisprimarilyofanaestheticomature,anddoesnotprotectanytechnicalfeaturesofthearticletowhichitisapplied.
　　1.1.2    OfCHINA
　　DesigninthePatentLawmeansanynewdesignoftheshape,thepatternortheircombination,orthecombinationofthecolorwithshapeorpattern,ofaproductwithcreatesanaestheticfeelinganditfitsforindustrialapplication.
　　1.1.3    OfCANADA
　　Designofindustrialdesignmeansfeaturesofshape,configuration,patternorornamentandanycombinationofthosefeaturesthat,inafinishedarticle,appealtoandarejudgedsolelybytheeye.
　　1.2    OtherformsofIntellectualProperty
　　InChina,Intellectualpropertycanbegenerallyclassifiedaspatent,copyright,trademark.Patents,orinotherwords,inventions-creations,meaninventions,utilitymodelsanddesigns.Sothatthedesignsareoneofthesubdivisionsofpatents.
　　Whereas,inCanada,inadditiontoindustrialdesigns,thereotherformsofintellectualproperty,aspatents,copyrights,andintegratedcircuittopographies.Hereby,patentscovernewinventions(process,machine,manufacture,compositionofmatter),oranynewandusefulimprovementofanexistinginvention.Sothatindustrialdesignshavetheequalstatuestopatents,asoneofthesubdivisionsofintellectualproperty.
　　1.3    Whyprotectindustrialdesigns?
　　Industrialdesignsarewhatmakeanarticleattractiveandappealing;hence,theyaddtothecommercialvalueofaproductandincreaseitsmarketability.
　　Whenanindustrialdesignisprotected,theowner-thepersonorentitythathasregisteredthedesign-isassuredanexclusiverightagainstunauthorizedcopyingorimitationofthedesignbythirdparties.Thishelpstoensureafairreturnoninvestment.Aneffectivesystemofprotectionalsobenefitsconsumersandthepublicatlarge,bypromotingfaircompetitionandhonesttradepractices,encouragingcreativity,andpromotingmoreaestheticallyattractiveproduct.
　　Protectingindustrialdesignshelpseconomicdevelopment,byencouragingcreativityintheindustrialandmanufacturingsectors,aswellasinthetraditionalartsandcrafts.Theycontributetotheexpansionofcommercialactivitiesandtheexportofnationalproducts.
　　Industrialdesignscanberelativelysimpleandinexpensivetodevelopandprotect.Theyarereasonablyaccessibletosmallandmedium-sizedenterprisesaswellastoindividualartistsandcraftsmen,inbothindustrializedanddevelopingcountries.
　　1.4    Howcanindustrialdesignsbeprotected?
　　Inmostcountries,anindustrialdesignmustberegisteredinordertobeprotectedunderIndustrialDesignLaw.AsforChina,theregulationsondesignareunderthePatentLawofPeople’sRepublicofChina(PRC)anditsimplementingregulations;AsforCanada,TheIndustrialDesignActandIndustrialDesignRegulationsdetailstheregulationsthatgoverndesignrights.Asageneralrule,toberegisterable,thedesignmustbe“new”or“original”.Differentcountrieshavevaryingdefinitionsofsuchterms,aswellasvariationsintheregistrationprocessitself.Generally,“new”meansthatnoidenticalorverysimilardesignisknowntohaveexistedbefore.
　　Dependingontheparticularnationallawandthekindofdesign,anindustrialdesignmayalsobeprotectedasaworkofartundercopyright.
　　2.Themaindifferenceconcerningregistration
　　2.1Whentofileanapplication
　　Thereisnotimelimitforfilinganapplicationaslongasthedesignhadneverbeenpublished.Theterm“published”meansthatthedesignhasbeenmadepublic(eventoyourneighbors)orofferedforcommercialsaleoruseanywhereintheworld.Itisbesttofileanquicklyaspossibleifpublicationhasoccurred.
　　Inchina,andesignapplicationdoesnotloseitsnoveltywhere,withinsixmonthsbeforethedateoffiling,oneofthefollowingeventsoccurred:[1]whereitwasfirstexhibitedataninternationalexhibitionsponsoredofrecognizedbytheChineseGovernment;[2]whereitwasfirstmadepublicataprescribedacademicortechnologicalmeeting;[3]whenitwasdisclosedbyanypersonwithouttheconsentoftheapplicant.
　　InCanada,thedesignshallberefusedtoberegisterediftheapplicationisfiledmorethanoneyearafterthepublicationofthedesigninCanadaofsomewhere.
　　2.2whocanapply?
　　OnlytheproprietorofadesignmayapplyforandobtainregistrationforanindustrialdesignbothinChinaandCanada,whilethereexistslittledifferencebetweenthetwocountriesonthequestionthatwhocanbedefinedasproprietor.[1]usuallyyouareconsideredtheproprietorifyouhavecreatedthedesign;[2]ifyouworktogetherwithotherpersontocreatadesign,youshouldfileforregistrationasjointproprietors(unlessyouareallworkingundercontractorcommission);[3]ifyouhaveacquiredownershipofadesign,thenyoumayapply;[4]ifyouareemployeeofacompanyanddevelopdesignaspartofyouremployment,thentheemployermaybetheproprietor.Inthatcase,onlytheemployermayapplyinCanada;whileinchina,theentityandtheinventororcreatormayenterintoacontractinwhichtherighttoapplyforandowntheexclusiverightisprovidedfor;[5]ifyouhavebeenhiredundercontracttodevelopdesignforsomeoneelse,thenthatpersonistheproprietorandistheonlyoneentitledtoapplyforregistrationinCanada;whereasinthatcaseinChina,therighttoapplyforregistrationbelongs,unlessotherwiseagreedupon,totheentityorindividualthatmadethedesign.
　　2.3Whatrequirementstomakedesignsregisterable?
　　InCanada,theministershallregisterthedesigniftheministerfindsthatitisnotidenticalwithordosenotsocloselyresembleanyotherdesignal

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